ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal

Comparison of postoperative complications following CABG in diabetic and non-diabetic patients

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Akram Ghadiri-Anari 1
Farnaz Bemaninejad 2
Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh 3
Reyhaneh Azizi 1
Mohammadreza Ahi 3

1 Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

2 Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

3 Clinical Research Development Center, Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

10.48305/arya.2026.45487.3081
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diabetic patients face an elevated cardiovascular disease burden, often requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, evidence regarding post-CABG outcomes in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients is inconsistent, and data from the Iranian population are particularly scarce. This study was conducted to clarify this ambiguity by comparing short-term post-CABG complications between these groups..
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study analyzed data from the Yazd Cardiovascular Disease Registry (YCDR) for all CABG patients (2017–2018) at Afshar Hospital. Patients were stratified into diabetic (n=592) and non-diabetic (n=694) groups. We collected standardized data on demographics, comorbidities (including diabetes), and in-hospital major postoperative complications following CABG, such as reoperation, mortality, infections, renal complications, neurological complications (including TIA, stroke, and seizure), and pulmonary complications.
RESULTS: The frequency distribution of female sex (36.66% vs. 21.90%), hypertension (65.03% vs. 44.52%), and hyperlipidemia (39.02% vs. 23.20%) in diabetic patients was significantly higher than in non-diabetic patients (p<0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed between diabetic and non-diabetic groups in the incidence of major complications, including reoperation (2.1% vs. 2.3%), mortality (3.2% vs. 2.4%), and other major events (all p>0.05). However, seizure occurred exclusively in the diabetic group (1.1% vs. 0%; p=0.049). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that diabetes mellitus was not an independent predictor of overall postoperative complications.
CONCLUSION: In this cohort, diabetes was not an independent risk factor for most short-term post-CABG complications. The exception was a higher seizure incidence in diabetic patients, warranting further mechanistic investigation. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus
Coronary Artery Bypass
Postoperative Complications
Logistic Models
Seizures
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ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
Volume 22, Issue 2
March and April 2026
Pages 47-54

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