ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal

From Association to Causation: Integrating Stable, Subgroup-Aware SHAP Explanations with Causal Inference for Trustworthy AI in Coronary Bifurcation PCI

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Alireza Khosravi Farsani 1
Iman Zand 2
Ehsan Shirvani 3
Bashir Najafabadian 4
Mohaddeseh Behjati 5

1 Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Interventional Cardiology Research Center Cardiovascular Research Institute ,Chamran Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

3 Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

5 Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

10.48305/arya.2025.45815.3117

Keywords

Branch-vessel lesions
Random Forest classification
Gradient boosting machines
Feature-attribution robustness
Percutaneous revascularization
Lesion complexity stratification
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
Volume 22, Issue 3
May and June 2026

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