ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal

The effects of aerobic training, resistance training, combined training, and healthy eating recommendations on lipid profile and body mass index in overweight and obese children and adolescents: A randomized clinical trial

Document Type : Original Article(s)

Authors

Alireza Ahmadi 1
Fahimeh Moheb-Mohammadi 2
Zohreh Sadat Navabi 3
Mehdi Dehghani 4
Hossein Heydari 5
Firoozeh Sajjadi 6
Somaieh Khodarahmi 7

1 Associate Professor, Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

5 Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

6 Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

7 Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22122/arya.v16i5.1990
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic training, resistance training (RT), combined training, and nutritional recommendations on lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) in obese and overweight children and adolescents.METHODS: This randomized, clinical trial was conducted on 120 children and adolescents (10-19 years of age) with overweight and obesity. Participants were divided into 4 groups, the 3 intervention groups of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), RT, and combined training, and 1 non-exercising control group with healthy eating recommendations. We considered 24 sessions of training during 8 weeks for the intervention groups. The participants’ anthropometric indices and lipid profile were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of anthropometric indices and lipid profiles before the intervention. After the intervention, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of HDL level; the control group (37.70 ± 9.45) and the HIIT group (43.65 ± 9.09) displayed the lowest and highest mean, respectively (P = 0.040). Comparison of physical variables and blood lipid profiles before and after the intervention showed a significant difference in waist circumference (P = 0.030), hip circumference (P ≤ 0.001), and HDL level (P = 0.040) in RT, HIIT, combined, and control groups.CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the combined training program and HIIT program with nutritional recommendations in overweight and obese children and adolescents were more effective in reducing BMI and hip circumference, respectively.

Keywords

High-Intensity Interval Training
Resistance Training
Overweight
Obesity
  1. Pandita A, Sharma D, Pandita D, Pawar S, Tariq M, Kaul A. Childhood obesity: Prevention is better than cure. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2016; 9:83-9.
  2. Mazidi M, Banach M, Kengne AP. Prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Asian countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14(6): 1185-203.
  3. Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2014; 384(9945): 766-81.
  4. Mirmohammadi SJ, Hafezi R, Mehrparvar AH, Rezaeian B, Akbari H. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Iranian School Children in Different Ethnicities. Iran J Pediatr 2011; 21(4): 514-20.
  5. Ahmadi A, Gharipour M, Nouri F, Kelishadi R, Sadeghi M, Sarrafzadegan N. Association between adolescence obesity and metabolic syndrome: Evidence from Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2014; 18(4): 569-73.
  6. Ahmadi A, Gharipour M, Nouri F, Sarrafzadegan N. Metabolic syndrome in Iranian youths: A population-based study on junior and high schools students in rural and urban areas. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013: 738485.
  7. Ahmadi A, Gharipour M, Arabzadeh G, Moin P, Hashemipour M, Kelishadi R. The effects of vitamin E and omega-3 PUFAs on endothelial function among adolescents with metabolic syndrome. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014: 906019.
  8. Wyatt HR. Update on treatment strategies for obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98(4): 1299-306.
  9. Buchheit M, Laursen PB. High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part I: Cardiopulmonary emphasis. Sports Med 2013; 43(5): 313-38.
  10. Herget S, Reichardt S, Grimm A, Petroff D, Kapplinger J, Haase M, et al. High-Intensity Interval Training for Overweight Adolescents: Program Acceptance of a Media Supported Intervention and Changes in Body Composition. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13(11).
  11. Osinski W, Kantanista A. Physical activity in the therapy of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Needs and recommendations for intervention programs. Dev Period Med 2017; 21(3): 224-34.
  12. Ten Hoor GA, Plasqui G, Ruiter RA, Kremers SP, Rutten GM, Schols AM, et al. A new direction in psychology and health: Resistance exercise training for obese children and adolescents. Psychol Health 2016; 31(1): 1-8.
  13. Lloyd RS, Faigenbaum AD, Stone MH, Oliver JL, Jeffreys I, Moody JA, et al. Position statement on youth resistance training: The 2014 International Consensus. Br J Sports Med 2014; 48(7): 498-505.
  14. Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2017; 390(10113): 2627-42.
  15. World Health Organization. Waist Circumference and Waist-hip Ratio: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation, Geneva, 8-11 December 2008. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2011.
  16. Ramezani A, Akbari M. Effect of high intensity training on serum TNFa in obese children. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2017; 6(2): 102-9. [In Persian].
  17. McGuigan MR, Tatasciore M, Newton RU, Pettigrew S. Eight weeks of resistance training can significantly alter body composition in children who are overweight or obese. J Strength Cond Res 2009; 23(1): 80-5.
  18. Racil G, Coquart JB, Elmontassar W, Haddad M, Goebel R, Chaouachi A, et al. Greater effects of high-compared with moderate-intensity interval training on cardio-metabolic variables, blood leptin concentration and ratings of perceived exertion in obese adolescent females. Biol Sport 2016; 33(2): 145-52.
  19. Racil G, Ben Ounis O, Hammouda O, Kallel A, Zouhal H, Chamari K, et al. Effects of high vs. moderate exercise intensity during interval training on lipids and adiponectin levels in obese young females. Eur J Appl Physiol 2013; 113(10): 2531-40.
  20. Zakavi I, Valipour A A, Issazadeh R, Baharlooii Yancheshme R. Effect of twelve weeks combined exercise (aerobic- resistance) on plasma levels of ghrelin and obestatin in obese adolescens. Razi J Med Sci 2016; 22(141): 91-103.
  21. Khammassi M, Ouerghi N, Hadj-Taieb S, Feki M, Thivel D, Bouassida A. Impact of a 12-week high-intensity interval training without caloric restriction on body composition and lipid profile in sedentary healthy overweight/obese youth. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14(1): 118-25.
  22. Sung RY, Yu CW, Chang SK, Mo SW, Woo KS, Lam CW. Effects of dietary intervention and strength training on blood lipid level in obese children. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86(6): 407-10.
  23. Ouerghi N, Khammassi M, Boukorraa S, Feki M, Kaabachi N, Bouassida A. Effects of a high-intensity intermittent training program on aerobic capacity and lipid profile in trained subjects. Open Access J Sports Med 2014; 5: 243-8.
  24. Lemos T, Gallagher D. Current body composition measurement techniques. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2017; 24(5): 310-4.
  25. Wells JC, Fewtrell MS. Measuring body composition. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91(7): 612-7.
  26. Collins H, Fawkner S, Booth JN, Duncan A. The effect of resistance training interventions on weight status in youth: A meta-analysis. Sports Med Open 2018; 4(1): 41.
  27. Bond B, Weston KL, Williams CA, Barker AR. Perspectives on high-intensity interval exercise for health promotion in children and adolescents. Open Access J Sports Med 2017; 8: 243-65.
  28. Mann S, Beedie C, Jimenez A. Differential effects of aerobic exercise, resistance training and combined exercise modalities on cholesterol and the lipid profile: Review, synthesis and recommendations. Sports Med 2014; 44(2): 211-21.
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
Volume 16, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
September and October 2020
Pages 226-234

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us