ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal

Lipidemic effects of common edible oils and risk of atherosclerosis in diabetic Wistar rats

Document Type : Original Article(s)

Authors

Olulola Olutoyin Oladapo 1
Kehinde Adeyemi Ojora 2
Oluwafemi Majeed Quadri 2
Rotimi Sunday Ajani 3

1 Senior Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

2 Postgraduate Student, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

3 Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diabetic state potentiates atherosclerosis and the type of edible oil consumed by the individual may affect this further. This study aimed to determine if the common edible oils in Nigeria have any effects on the lipid profiles and arteries of alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of normal control, diabetic control, animals on diet enriched with refined, bleached deodorized palm oil (RBD-PO), animals on diet enriched with soya oil, and animals on diet enriched with olive oil. At the end of 8 weeks, the lipid profiles of the animals were determined before sacrificing them. Their aortas were subsequently harvested for histological examination. RESULTS: The olive oil fed group had the highest level of total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), lowest HDL-C, and highest artherogenic index (AI). Diabetic animals fed on RBD-PO had a lower non-HDL-C, higher HDL-C, and lower AI than diabetic animals fed on olive oil or soya oil. However, the diabetic animals fed on RBD-PO had the highest triglyceride level. When the aortas were examined histologically, there were no atherosclerotic lesions in all the control and experimental groups except those fed on 10% soya oil enriched diet that had type II atherosclerotic lesions according to American Heart Association (AHA). CONCLUSION: The result of our study showed that RBD-PO appears to offer a better lipid profile in the diabetic animals compared with olive oil and soya oil. Soya oil appears to cause the development of atherosclerosis in diabetic state.   

Keywords

Diabetes
Wistar Rats
Atherosclerosis
Lipids
  1. Choy PC, Siow YL, Mymin D, O K. Lipids and atherosclerosis. Biochem Cell Biol 2004; 82(1): 212-24.
  2. Singh RB, Mengi SA, Xu YJ, Arneja AS, Dhalla NS. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: A multifactorial process. Exp Clin Cardiol 2002; 7(1): 40-53.
  3. Barrett KE, Barman SM, Boitano S, Brooks H. Ganong's review of medical physiology. 23rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2010.
  4. Pellizzon MA. Brief Scientific Literature Review- Diet- Induced Atherosclerosis/Hypercholesterolemia in Rodent Models. New Brunswick, NJ: Research Diets Inc; 2009.
  5. Mukherjee S, Mitra A. Health effects of palm oil. J Hum Ecol 2009; 26(3): 197-203.
  6. Chandrasekharan N, Sundram K, Basiron Y. Changing nutritional and health perspectives on palm oil. Brunei International Medical Journal 2000; 2: 417-27.
  7. Ebong PE, Owu DU, Isong EU. Influence of palm oil (Elaesis guineensis) on health. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 1999; 53(3): 209-22.
  8. Warner K. Effects on the flavor and oxidative stability of stripped soybean and sunflower oils with added pure tocopherols. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53(26): 9906-10.
  9. Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB. Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: A meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77(5): 1146-55.
  10. Lawrence GD. Dietary fats and health: dietary recommendations in the context of scientific evidence. Adv Nutr 2013; 4(3): 294-302.
  11. Owen RW, Giacosa A, Hull WE, Haubner R, Wurtele G, Spiegelhalder B, et al. Olive-oil consumption and health: The possible role of antioxidants. Lancet Oncol 2000; 1: 107-12.
  12. Owen RW, Mier W, Giacosa A, Hull WE, Spiegelhalder B, Bartsch H. Phenolic compounds and squalene in olive oils: the concentration and antioxidant potential of total phenols, simple phenols, secoiridoids, lignansand squalene. Food Chem Toxicol 2000; 38(8): 647-59.
  13. Beckman JA. Pathophysiology of vascular dysfunction in diabetes. Cardiology Rounds 2004; 8(10): 302.
  14. Szkudelski T. The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas. Physiol Res 2001; 50(6): 537-46.
  15. de Carvalho EN, Carvalho N, Ferreira LM. Experimental model of induction of diabetes mellitus in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2003; 18: 60-4.
  16. Barlovic DP, Soro-Paavonen A, Jandeleit-Dahm KA. RAGE biology, atherosclerosis and diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2011; 121(2): 43-55.
  17. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2011; 34(Suppl 1): S62-S69.
  18. Alhazza IM. Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Effects of olive oil in normal and diabetic male rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2007; 14(1): 69-74.
  19. Khera AV, Cuchel M, Llera-Moya M, Rodrigues A,
  20. Burke MF, Jafri K, et al. Cholesterol efflux capacity, high-density lipoprotein function, and atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2011; 364(2): 127-35.
  21. Chahoud G, Aude YW, Mehta JL. Dietary recommendations in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease: Do we have the ideal diet yet? Am J Cardiol 2004; 94(10): 1260-7.
  22. Aguilera CM, Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Mesa MD, Ramirez-Tortosa CL, Gil A. Sunflower, virgin-olive and fish oils differentially affect the progression of aortic lesions in rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2002; 162(2): 335-44.
  23. Abro Ak, Tayyab M, Choudhary Na, Bukhari MH. Effect of olive oil and corn oil (% induced hyperlipidemia state) in aorta and coronary arteries of albino rats. Annals 2008; 14(3): 93-9.
  24. Kritchevsky D, Tepper SA, Klurfeld DM, Vesselinovitch D, Wissler RW. Experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits fed cholesterol-free diets. Part 12. Comparison of peanut and olive oils. Atherosclerosis 1984; 50(3): 253-9.
  25. Adam SK, Das S, Othman F, Jaarin K. Fresh soy oil protects against vascular changes in an estrogen-deficient rat model: an electron microscopy study. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2009; 64(11): 1113-9.
  26. Babashahi M, Mirlohi M, Ghiasvand R, Azadbakht L. Comparison of soymilk and probiotic soymilk effects on serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic Wistar rats. ARYA Atheroscler 2015; 11(Suppl 1): 88-93.
  27. Kritchevsky D, Tepper SA, Kuksis A, Wright S, Czarnecki SK. Cholesterol vehicle in experimental atherosclerosis. 22. Refined, bleached, deodorized
  28. (RBD) palm oil, randomized palm oil and red palm oil. Nutr Res 2000; 20(6): 887-92.
  29. Zhang J, Wang C, Dai J, Chen X, Ge K. Palm oil diet may benefit mildly hypercholesterolaemic Chinese adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 1997; 6(1): 22-5.
  30. Zhang J, Ping W, Chunrong W, Shou CX, Keyou G. Nonhypercholesterolemic effects of a palm oil diet in Chinese adults. J Nutr 1997; 127(3): 509S-13S.
  31. Boon CM, Ng MH, Choo YM, Mok SL. Super, red palm and palm oleins improve the blood pressure, heart size, aortic media thickness and lipid profile in spontaneously hypertensive rats. PLoS One 2013; 8(2): e55908.
  32. Budin SB, Othman F, Louis SR, Bakar MA, Das S, Mohamed J. The effects of palm oil tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and the vascular wall of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2009; 64(3): 235-44.
  33. Wilson TA, Nicolosi RJ, Kotyla T, Sundram K, Kritchevsky D. Different palm oil preparations reduce plasma cholesterol concentrations and aortic cholesterol accumulation compared to coconut oil in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. J Nutr Biochem 2005; 16(10): 633-40.
  34. Boshtam M, Asgary S, Moshtaghian J, Naderi G, Jafari-Dinani N. Impacts of fresh lime juice and peel on atherosclerosis progression in an animal model. ARYA Atheroscler 2013; 9(6): 357-62.
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
Volume 13, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
January and February 2017
Pages 14-19

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us