Document Type : Original Article(s)

Authors

• Noushin Mohammadifard ¹
• Masoud Nazem ²
• Gholam-Ali Naderi ³
• Faezeh Saghafian ⁴
• Firoozeh Sajjadi ⁴
• Maryam Maghroon ⁴
• Ahmad Bahonar ⁵
• Hasan Alikhasi ⁴
• Fatemeh Nouri ⁶

¹ MSc, Department of Nutrition, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

² Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

³ Associate Professor, Department of Basic Sciences, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

⁴ BSc, Department of Nutrition, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

⁵ MD, MPH, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

⁶ Biostatistics Unit, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Trans fatty acids are known as the most harmful type of dietary fats, so this study was done to compare the effects of hydrogenated, liquid and ghee oils on serum lipids profile of healthy adults.    METHODS: This study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 129 healthy participants aged from 20 to 60 years old who were beneficiaries of Imam-e-Zaman charitable organization. Subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups and each group was treated with a diet containing cooking and frying liquid, ghee, or hydrogenated for 40 days. Fasting serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), apoprotein A (Apo A), and apoprotein B (Apo B) were measured before and after the study.    RESULTS: TC, TG and Apo B had a significant reduction in the liquid oil group compared to the hydrogenated oil group. In the ghee group TG declined and Apo A increased significantly (p < 0.01). Liquid oil group had a significant reduction in HDL-C, compared to the ghee oil group (P < 0.05).     CONCLUSION: It was concluded that consuming liquid oil along with frying oil caused to reduce all serum lipid levels. However, ghee oil only reduced TG and increased HDL-C levels.      Keywords: Serum lipids, Apoproteins, Liquid oil, Hydrogenated oil, Ghee, Clinical trial