Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2007
12
01
IL-4 AND INTERFERON GAMMA IN RECENTLY DIAGNOSED TYPE I DIABETES, A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
10115
EN
Mohammad Hassan
Khazai
MD. Associate Professor in Endocrinology, Internal Medicine Department, Emam-Reza Hospital, Emam-Reza Square, Mashad.
Jalil
Tavakkol Afshari
MD. Associate Professor in Immunology, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Bu-Ali Square, Mashad, Iran.
Bahram
Khazai
MD. Resident of Internal Medicine. Internal Medicine Department, Emam-Reza Hospital, Emam-Reza Square, Mashad, Iran.
Javad
Akbarzadeh
M.Sc. Research Assistant, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Bu-Ali Square, Mashad, Iran.
Ladan
Khazai
Research Assistant. Emam-Reza hospital, Emam-Reza Square, Mashad, Iran.
Mohammad Reza
Abbaszadegan
PhD. MD. Associate Professor in Human Genetics, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Bu-Ali Square, Mashad, Iran.
Farhad
Khadivizand
MD. Pediatrician, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Bu-Ali Square, Mashad, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to measure serum levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), the two major cytokines secreted by Th-1 and Th-2 cells, in islet cell autoantibody (ICA)-positive, newly-diagnosed type I diabetic patients. methods: The study was conducted on 30 newly diagnosed, ICA-positive type I diabetics and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Cytokine levels in serum were quantified by indirect sandwich ELISA in pg/ml. results: We observed no significant difference in concentration of IL-4 in ICA-positive diabetics (median=126.535) compared with healthy controls (median=136.440) (P>0.05). IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in patients (median=11.305) compared with healthy controls (median=8.200) (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of IFN-γ in patients may be suggestive of its destructive role in the pathophysiology of type I autoimmune diabetes. Keywords: Type I diabetes mellitus, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), islet cell autoantibody (ICA), T-helper 1 (Th-1) response, T-helper 2 (Th-2
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2010
12
08
INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUM HYDATID CYST CAUSING ILEOFEMORAL ARTERY EMBOLISM AND ISCHEMIC SYNDROME OF THE LOWER LIMB
10116
EN
Behrooz
Zandi
MD, Associate Professor. Radiology Dept., Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran.
Mahyar
Mohammadi Fard
MD, Assistant Professor. Radiology Dept., Imam Reza Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Mahdi
Farzad Nia
MD, Associate Professor. Pathology Dept., Imam Reza Hospital, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran.
Mojtaba
Ramazani
MD, Resident. Radiology Dept., Imam Reza Hospital, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract Embolism of the femoral artery by an echinococcus cyst is extremely rare and is due to rupture of an intracardiac hydatid cyst. We report the case of a 14-year-old boy who was admitted to our clinic with the diagnosis of arterial occlusion of the right lower extremity. Preoperative angiography revealed an ileofemoral embolic occlusion. During surgery, multiple hydatid cyst components causing femoral artery occlusion were found and excised. This case emphasizes that, in endemic countries, primary vascular echinococcosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of arterial occlusion. Keywords: Arterial occlusive diseases, echinococcosis, femoral artery; hydatid cyst, case report
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2007
12
01
SEX DIFFERENCES IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: BIRJAND, EASTERN IRAN
10117
EN
Toba
Kazemy
MD. Assistant Professor of Cardiology. Cardiology Dept. Valiasr Hospital, BBirjand, Iran.
Gholam Reza
Sharifzadeh
M.Sc.. Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare baseline characteristics, risk factors, medical care and mortality of AMI in women and men. We used data from medical charts and administrative records of patients hospitalized with AMI from 1994 to 2003 in Birjand hospitals. Of 918 patients, 71.9% were male and 28.1% were female. The women and men had mean ages of 65.62±10.56 years and 58.98±12.11 years, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking was 50, 17 and 13.6 percent, respectively, in women and 24.6, 9.8 and 36.3 percent, respectively, in men (P<0.05). In-hospital mortality was higher in women but not significant (10.4% versus 8.6%, P=0.42). Fasting blood sugar, cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in women. Mean age and the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were higher in women with AMI. We recommend that interventional programs be designed to reduce the risk factors of AMI through education, especially in women. Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, women, medical care, risk factors.
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2010
12
08
THE EFFECT OF LOW-DOSE NIACIN ADDED TO SIMVASTATIN ON LIPOPROTEIN PROFILE
10118
EN
Alireza
Khosravi
MD, Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center (ICRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran.
0000-0003-0736-2090
Ahmadnoor
Abdi
MD, Assistant of Cardiology, IUMS, Isfahan, Iran.
Nizal
Sarrafzadegan
MD, Professor of Medicine, Cardiologist, ICRC, IUMS, Isfahan, Iran.
Rezvan
Ansari
M.Sc., Research Assistant, ICRC.
Gilda
Kiani Mehr
MD, Research Assisitant, ICRC.
Farshad
Roghani
MD, Assistant Professor of Cardiology, IUMS. Isfahan, Iran.
Zahra
Dana Siadat
MD, Research Assistant, Community Medicine Specialist, ICRC.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Different studies have demonstrated that low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in serum are significantly related to the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its related mortality. This study was performed primarily to assess the effectiveness of supplementing treatment with statins with low-dose (100 mg, bid) fast-release nicotinic acid (the only form of this drug produced in Iran) in increasing HDL; we also aimed to evaluate the effect of this regimen on other lipoproteins, and to investigate any possible side effects. methods: This double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients who were treated with simvastatin (20 mg/daily) for at least four weeks and did not receive any other lipid-lowering medications. The patients were divided into two groups of 50. The case group was treated with niacin tablets (100 mg, bid) and simvastatin (20 mg/daily). The control group was treated with placebo tablets (bid) and simvastatin (20 mg/daily). All patients underwent two 6-week crossover periods and a 2-week washout period. Liver-function biomarkers (ALK-P, SGPT, SGOT), serum lipids, uric acid, CPK and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured before and after each course of treatment. Data were analyzed with chi-square test and paired t-test. results: Serum HDL increased from 42.44±8.5 to 44.01±8.39 mg/dl in the case group, with a mean increase of 2.56 mg/dl (P<0.05). HDL decreased from 41.5±9.1 to 40.9±9.4 mg/dl in the control group (P>0.05). Mean serum HDL was significantly different between the case and control groups (P<0.05). The increase in mean total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the control group, and the decrease in triglyceride (TG) in both groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In follow-up, flushing was reported in 44.4% of case patients, resulting in discontinuation of treatment in 38.5% of patients. Flushing was reported in 5.6% of controls, resulting in discontinuation of treatment in 20% of patients. Muscle pain was reported in 24.4% of the case patients, resulting in discontinuation of treatment in 47.6% of the patients. Only 3.3% of the controls reported muscle pain, which led to discontinuation of treatment by the physician in 66.7% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose fast-release niacin led to significant HDL increase; hence we recommend that treatment of dyslipidemic patients with statins be supplemented with low-dose niacin, which is available in Iran. Keywords: Niacin, simvastatin, lipoprotein.
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2007
12
01
EFFECTS OF DIETARY CALCIUM ON CONCENTRATIONS OF LIPIDS, GLUCOSE AND INSULIN IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWELY RATS
10119
EN
Jan Mohammd
Malekzadeh
Ph.D. Student of nutrition, Nutrition & Biochemistry Dept. School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Ali
Keshavarz
PhD. Professor of nutrition, Nutrition & Biochemistry Dept. School of Health, TUMS.
Feridon
Siassi
PhD. Professor of nutrition, Nutrition & Biochemistry Dept. School of Health, TUMS.
Mehri
Kadkhodaei
PhD. Professor of Physiology, Physiology Dept., School of Medicine, TUMS.
Mohammad Reza
Eshraghian
PhD. Professor of Statistics, Statistics and Epidemiology Dept., School of Health, TUMS.
Ahmad Reza
Dorosti-Motlagh
PhD. Associate Professor of Nutrition, Nutrition and Biochemistry Dept., School of Health, TUMS.
Asghar
Aliehpoor
MD. Assistant of Pathology, Pathology Dept., Shariaati Hospital, TUMS.
Maryam
Chamari
M.Sc. Research Assistant, Nutrition & Biochemistry Dept., School of Health, TUMS.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: A number of experimental studies have shown that dietary calcium may help improve hypercholesterolemia induced by high-cholesterol/high-fat diets through saponifying cholesterol/fat in the intestine. There is little evidence showing the effect of calcium in a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet on the lipid profile. We evaluated the effect of different levels of dietary calcium, in a cholesterol-free/low-fat diet on serum cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin, as well as fecal excretion of lipids. methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawely rats were randomly divided to receive three levels of dietary calcium (0.2, 0.5 and 1.2 % W/W) for 10 weeks. Finally, the rats were decapitated and their truncal blood was sampled for biochemical analysis. Fecal fat excretion, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and serum insulin were measured. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was calculated using the Friedwald equation. results: Serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol of rats receiving a high-calcium diet were significantly lower than those of the other two groups (P<0.05), but serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose and insulin and fecal fat excretion were not statistically different in the three groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that, even with a low-fat low-cholesterol diet, calcium has hypocholesterolemic effects, i.e. there may be hypocholesterolemic mechanisms, other than intestinal saponification of cholesterol and/or fatty acids, including endogenous mechanisms for dietary calcium. Keywords: Dietary calcium, serum cholesterol, serum LDL cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum glucose, serum insulin, fecal fat.
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2007
12
01
CORRELATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN WITH CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY FINDINGS AND CARDIO-METABOLIC RISK FACTORS IN THEIR PARENTS
10120
EN
Katayoun
Movassaghi
MD Research Assistant, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Hamid
Sanei
MD. Associate Professor of Cardiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran.
Roya
Kelishadi
MD. Associate Professor, Preventive Pediatric Cardiology Dept. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, IUMS, Isfahan, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Although coronary artery disease (CAD) becomes symptomatic late in life, early identification and modification of risk factors may reduce its future incidence. methods: In this cross-sectional study, 108 subjects aged 6-18 years were randomly selected from among children of patients who underwent coronary angiography at Chamran Heart Center, Isfahan, Iran. The parents were assigned to two groups according to the presence or not of coronary stenosis in angiography. Each group was divided into two subgroups, with or without the metabolic syndrome. All of the subjects were aged below 55 years. In addition to anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, and insulin level were measured and lipid profile was assessed in the children of the patients. The data were analyzed with SPSS using independent t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square and standard linear multiple regression tests. results: In the group with stenosis in coronary angiography, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome components was significantly higher in children of parents with the metabolic syndrome than in the other group (24 vs. 18; P=0.003). In the group without stenosis in coronary angiography, the children of parents with the metabolic syndrome had higher triglyceride (TG) levels and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose. CONCLUSIONS: Our study emphasizes the importance of primordial and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, especially in children of families with high risk of premature atherosclerosis. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, familial aggregation, cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2010
12
08
APOLIPOPROTEINS AND LIPOPROTEIN (a) IN PATIENTS WITH PREMATURE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND THEIR CHILDREN
10121
EN
Azita
Fesharak Nia
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Nephrology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Fatemeh
Tahri
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: A positive family history of premature coronary artery disease can prompt the assessment of children of the family for coronary risk factors like hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia. This study was performed to determine the relationship between lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein A1 and B100 in patients with a positive history of premature myocardial infarction and their offspring. methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 91 parents and their offspring (91 children). The parents were randomly selected from among patients with premature myocardial infarction hospitalized in the critical care unit of Vali-e-Asr hospital (Birjand, Iran). Lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein A1 and B100 were measured in both groups. results: Our study showed a significant relationship between lipoprotein (a) levels in parents and their children. High lipoprotein (a) and high apolipoprotein B100 in parents and their children were also significantly related. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that lipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein B100 be measured in children with familial history of premature myocardial infarction. Keywords: Premature myocardial infarction, lipoprotein (a), risk factors, offspring, apolipoproteins.
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2010
12
08
INCIDENCE AND ETIOLOGY OF PEDIATRIC STROKE IN SOUTHERN KHORASAN
10122
EN
Kavian
Ghandehari
MD, FLSP, Associate Professor of Neurology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Zahra
Izadi-Mood
MD. Assistant Professor, Pediatrics Dept, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Birjand, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Ischemic stroke is rarely seen in childhood. The pediatric causes of stroke are very different from adult causes. methods: This population-based study was conducted to determine the incidence, clinical manifestations and etiology of pediatric ischemic stroke in Southern Khorasan, Iran, during 2002-2007. In this province, every child with possible diagnosis of stroke is referred to a stroke neurologist and routinely admitted to the Pediatric Division of Vali-e-Asr tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis of ischemic stroke was made based on the clinical presentation and brain imagery. All of the patients underwent a standard battery of diagnostic investigations. results: Seventeen children with ischemic stroke (7 girls, 10 boys) were evaluated. The incidence of pediatric ischemic stroke in Khorasan province is 1.8 cases per 100,000 children population per year. Meningoencephalitis-induced vasculopathy constituted 23.5% of the etiology followed by Fallot tetralogy, head trauma, dehydration, migraine, and hypercoagulable state. 23.5% of our patients had uncertain causes of stroke. In-hospital mortality of our pediatric ischemic stroke patients was 11.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and clinical characteristics of pediatric brain infarction in Iran are the same as in other studies. Meningoencephalitis-induced vasculopathy is the most common determined etiology of pediatric ischemic stroke in Southern Khorasan. Keywords: Child, stroke, incidence, etiology.
Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal
1735-3955
3
1
2010
12
08
RISK FACTORS AND ETIOLOGY OF TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN INFARCTION
10123
EN
Kavian
Ghandehari
MD, FLSP, Associate Professor of Neurology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Mehdi
Etemadi
MD, Professor of Neurology, Ghaem Hospital, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran.
Journal Article
2010
12
04
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are warnings of future stroke. There is no difference in risk factors, pathophysiology and prevention between TIA and brain infarction. methods: Consecutive patients with brain infarction admitted to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Northeastern Iran, were enrolled in a prospective study during 2006. Diagnosis of ischemic stroke was established by a neurologist who also obtained history of TIA and vascular risk factors. All of the stroke patients underwent a standard battery of diagnostic investigations and etiology of ischemic stroke was determined by the Practical Iranian Criteria classification. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis. results: 348 stroke patients (186 women, 162 men) were studied. History of TIA was present in 42 patients (29 women, 13 men), i.e. 12% of the stroke patients. TIA was more common in women (df=1, P=0.02). The frequency of hypertension, diabetes and ipsilateral carotid stenosis was not significantly different between patients with history of TIA and other stroke patients (P=0.87, P=0.64 and P=0.61, respectively). Hyper-cholesterolemia and smoking were significantly more frequent in stroke patients with history of TIA (P=0.011 and P=0.014, respectively). The frequency of TIA was not significantly different among patients with lacunar, versus large vessel territory infarcts (df=1, P=0.84). There was no significant difference in the frequency of various stroke etiologies in patients with and without history of TIA (df=4, P=0.61). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke patients with history of TIA have vascular risk factors similar to other stroke patients. A positive history of TIA does not affirm any specific etiology of ischemic stroke. Keywords: Risk factors, etiology, transient ischemic attacks.