Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150921Probiotic soy milk and anthropometric measures: Is probiotic soy milk beyond soy milk?26526610487ENFahimehHaghighatdoostFood Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranLeilaAzadbakhtFood Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20150817- https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10487_f1686b4badcf28d33ed632036c7ab0b8.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150921Interleukin-1 beta, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with coronary artery disease26727410488ENSamanehEnayatiEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSoroushSeifiradEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute AND Department of Cardiology, Children Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranParvinAmiriEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMiladAbolhalajEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMahsaMohammad-AmoliEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20140226BACKGROUND: Several inflammatory mediators have been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in un-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) gene expression were evaluated in angiography confirmed patients with and without CAD in a case-control study using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: A significant increase (P = 0.030) in IL-1β gene expression was found in patients with CAD [median interquartile range (IQR) = 4.890 (6.084)] compared to patients without CAD [median (IQR) = 1.792 (3.172)]. Despite the increase in IFN-γ gene expression in patients with CAD [median (IQR) = 1.298 (3.896)] versus patients without CAD [median (IQR) = 0.841 (2.79)], there was not statistically significant difference (P = 0.990). CONCLUSION: Our results provide evidence for possible association between IL-1β and development of atherosclerosis as a crucial cytokine that induce a network of signaling pathways. This finding if proved in future would suggest IL-1β as a potent therapeutic target in CAD. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10488_79ec2a4246feb2126ecf43c4a4418002.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150921Obstructive sleep apnea, diagnosed by the Berlin questionnaire and association with coronary artery disease severity27528010489ENAbdullatefGhazalResident, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-8009-3216FarshadRoghaniAssociate Professor, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMasoumehSadeghiAssociate Professor, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-7179-5558BabakAmraAssociate Professor, Department of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMohammadKermani-AlghoraishiResident, Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-3701-3572Journal Article20140608BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent sleep-related disorder that is associated with increased risk of hypertension (HTN) and coronary heart disease. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the OSAS and coronary artery disease (CAD) severity. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2012 to December 2013. We enrolled 127 patients with chronic stable angina who were referred for coronary angiographic studies in Shahid Chamran and Nour Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. The Berlin questionnaire (BQ) was used for estimate the probability of OSAS in patients as a low or high probability. Demographic characteristics and metabolic risk factors including diabetes mellitus, HTN, obesity, and smoking also were recorded. The severity of CAD was assessed and compared based on the Gensini score with Mann–Whitney U statistical test. Independent t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables were used. RESULTS: Totally, 65.4% of subjects were considered as high and 34.6% as low probability for OSAS, which 81.1% of them had CAD. There was a significant difference between body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and ischemic heart disease drug consumption with OSAS probability (P < 0.0500). CAD was accompanied by OSAS significantly (P = 0.0260). The Gensini score was significantly higher in patients with high OSAS probability (100.4 ± 69.1 vs. 65.3 ± 68.9; P = 0.0030). OSAS also increase odds of CAD based on regression analysis (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval = 2.7). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that more severe CAD is associated with high OSAS probability identified by BQ. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10489_4d68e143defa221fead61c84de7527a3.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150901Cardiovascular patients’ experiences of living with pacemaker: Qualitative study28128810490ENMortezaGhojazadehAssociate Professor, Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranSaberAzami-AghdashPhD Candidate, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranZahraSohrab-NaviStudents’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranKasraKolahdouzanStudents’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20140802BACKGROUND: A pacemaker implantation is considered major life event for cardiovascular patients, so they will probably have very interesting experiences of living with this device. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of cardiovascular patients living with the pacemaker. METHODS: In this qualitative study, 27 patients were chosen through purposive sampling to achieve data saturation, and their experiences were examined using semi-structured interviews. The patients’ statements were recorded with their consent and analyzed using content analysis method. RESULTS: Participants’ experiences included three main themes: “Problems and limitations,” “feeling and dealing with pacemaker”, and “sources of comfort” and 10 sub-themes including: physical problems, financial problems, social problems, the first encounter, the feeling of living with the pacemaker, how to cope with pacemaker, satisfaction with pacemaker, good family support, hospital and hospital staff performance, and role of religious beliefs. CONCLUSION: Planning to solve social problems, identifying and changing feelings of patients using pacemakers, reinforcing the resources of comfort especially family support seem to be necessary steps for improving quality of life and impact of using pacemaker. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10490_2745b399cf155d3511b2b1d93f6bed4d.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150921E101K and M123V alpha-cardiac actin gene mutations are not associated with cardiomyopathy in Iranian population28929410491ENAsiyehJebelliDepartment of Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranEshratBeyranvandDepartment of Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranHakimehSadeghianTehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-8529-0622Mohammad AliBoroumandTehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMehrdadBehmaneshDepartment of Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20141105BACKGROUND: Cardiomyopathies are myocardial disorders in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal. Several mutations in sarcomere protein coding genes are responsible for different types of cardiomyopathies. ACTC1 is one of the main sarcomere components in heart muscle. Two mutations of E101K and M123V in this gene are shown to be associated with cardiomyopathies. METHODS: In this case and control study, a sample of contains 30 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 100 dilated cardiomyopathy patients, as well as 130 healthy individuals were screened for two mutations of E101K and M123V. The genotypes of samples were determined in whole blood genomic DNA by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) and mismatched-PCR-RLFP techniques. RESULTS: All patients and healthy peoples had wild type genotype for both locations and even no heterozygous was detected. CONCLUSION: Despite previous reports, no association was observed between both mutations with cardiomyopathy. Our results indicated that two mutations of E101K and M123V of ACTC1 gene may are not associated with cardiomyopathy in Iranian population. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10491_b62682b1aee36c174fb06aa3527f43e8.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150921Antidepressants and cardiovascular adverse events: A narrative review29530410492ENMohammad HassanNezafatiDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMohammadVojdanparastAtherosclerosis Prevention Research Center AND School of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranPouyaNezafatiDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-2551-8335Journal Article20150407BACKGROUND: Major depression or deterioration of previous mood disorders is a common adverse consequence of coronary heart disease, heart failure, and cardiac revascularization procedures. Therefore, treatment of depression is expected to result in improvement of mood condition in these patients. Despite demonstrated effects of anti-depressive treatment in heart disease patients, the use of some antidepressants have shown to be associated with some adverse cardiac and non-cardiac events. In this narrative review, the authors aimed to first assess the findings of published studies on beneficial and also harmful effects of different types of antidepressants used in patients with heart diseases. Finally, a new categorization for selecting antidepressants according to their cardiovascular effects was described. METHODS: Using PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Index Copernicus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Database, we identified studies designed to evaluate the effects of depression and also using antidepressants on cardiovascular outcome. A 40 studies were finally assessed systematically. Among those eligible studies, 14 were cohort or historical cohort studies, 15 were randomized clinical trial, 4 were retrospective were case-control studies, 3 were meta-analyses and 2 animal studies, and 2 case studies. RESULTS: According to the current review, we recommend to divide antidepressants into three categories based on the severity of cardiovascular adverse consequences including (1) the safest drugs including those drugs with cardio-protective effects on ventricular function, as well as cardiac conductive system including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, (2) neutralized drugs with no evidenced effects on cardiovascular system including serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and (3) harmful drugs with adverse effects on cardiac function, hemodynamic stability, and heart rate variability including tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors, and noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants. CONCLUSION: The presented categorization of antidepressants can be clinically helpful to have the best selection for antidepressants to minimizing their cardiovascular harmful effects. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10492_8791dd6302cbe8cd557209ff026d8e08.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520151011Percutaneous trans-ulnar artery approach for coronary angiography and angioplasty; A case series study30530910493ENFarshadRoghani-DehkordiAssociate Professor, Department of Cardiology and Intervention, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMahmoodHadizadehCardiologist, Intervention Fellowship Practitioner, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranFatemehHadizadehResearcher, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenJournal Article20141215BACKGROUND: Coronary angiography is the gold standard method for diagnosis of coronary heart disease and usually performed by femoral approach that has several complications. To reduce these complications, upper extremity approach is increasingly used and is becoming preferred access site by many interventionists. Although radial approach is relatively well studied, safety, feasibility and risk of applying ulnar approach in not clearly known yet. METHODS: We followed 97 patients (man = 56%, mean ± standard deviation of age = 57 ± 18) who had undergone coronary angiography or angioplasty via ulnar approach for 6-10 months and recorded their outcomes. RESULTS: In 97 patients out of 105 ones (92.38%), procedure through ulnar access were successfully done. Unsuccessful puncture (3 patients), wiring (2 patients), passing of sheet (2 patients), and anatomically unsuitable ulnar artery (1 patient) were the reasons of failure. In 94 patients (89.52%), the angiography and angioplasty was done without any complications. Five patients (5.1%) hematoma and 11 patients (11%) experienced low-grade pain that resolved with painkiller. No infection, amputation or need for surgery was reported. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that ulnar access in our patients was a safe and practical approach for coronary angiography or angioplasty, without any major complication. Bearing in mind its high success rate, it can be utilized when a radial artery is not useful for the catheterization and in cases such as prior harvesting of the radial artery (in prior coronary artery bypass grafting). https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10493_ce254528e55ecddb829073c29a8d3a3a.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520151019Survival after left ventricular free wall rupture due to acute myocardial infarction31031310494ENMahmoodHosseinzadeh-MalekiAssistant Professor, Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Center AND Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IranNiloufarValizadehStudent of Medicine, Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Center AND School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IranNiloofarRafatpanahStudent of Medicine, Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Center AND School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IranSeyed AliMoeziAssistant Professor, Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Center AND Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, IranJournal Article20140504BACKGROUND: Left ventricular free wall rupture is a frequent catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and occurs in 1-3% of patients with acute myocardial infarction; it is the third most common cause of death caused by acute myocardial infarction, too. CASE REPORT: We describe acute left ventricular free wall rupture due to acute myocardial infarction in a 60-year-old man. He was survived after urgent surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: The long-term survivors of free wall rupture repair have not been extensively reported; early diagnosis is very critical and immediate surgical repair is the treatment of choice.https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10494_7d90ca24dfbc4ba4465647f0cd89c245.pdfCardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesARYA Atherosclerosis Journal1735-395511520150901Journal Index10486ENIndexJournal0000-0002-1825-0097Journal Article20160104Click to download the index of this issue.https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10486_9271858951e6fe9504d1f05ae8576001.pdf