Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 APPLICATION OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR REDUCING ANXIETY IN CARDIAC PATIENTS 10106 EN Zohreh Khayyam-Nekouei Educational Sciences and Psychology School, Khorasgan Islamic Azad University, Isfahn. Alireza Yousefy Ph.D .Associate Professor, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan , Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04 a  https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10106_74105d373a71b517ed650caabb9c2cb8.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 EFFECT OF L-ARGININE SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE CONCENTRATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN A CHOLESTEROL-RICH DIET WITHDRAWAL MODEL 10107 EN Shaghayegh Haghjooyjavanmard M.D. Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mehdi Nematbakhsh Ph.D., Professor, Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Alireza Monajemi M.D., Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Masoud Soleimani Ph.D., Haematology Department, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04   Abstract INTRODUCTION: Increased serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is well-documented in hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. It is associated with atherosclerotic lesions and is considered as a marker for endothelial dysfunction and injury. In the present study, experiments were designed to examine the combined effects of dietary lipid withdrawal and L-arginine supplementation on serum VEGF concentration. methods: After 4 weeks on a high-cholesterol diet, white male rabbits (n=22) were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The diet withdrawal (DW) group (n=11) was fed normal diet and the L-arginine group was fed normal diet and 3% L-arginine in drinking water for another 4 weeks. The serum levels of lipids, VEGF and L-arginine were measured before and after 4 and 8 weeks of experiment. results: The cholesterol-rich diet induced a significant increase in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in all animals. There was no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). After 4 weeks of cholesterol-rich diet withdrawal, animals of the DW and the L-arginine group had similar levels of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. L-arginine supplementation resulted in a significantly higher serum level of L arginine in the L-arginine group than in the DW group (P<0.05). After 4 weeks, no significant difference was found between the serum level of VEGF of the two groups. By the end of study, hypercholesterolemic diet withdrawal had apparently led to decreases in VEGF in both groups, but the serum level of VEGF was significantly lower in the group treated with L-arginine (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the synergistic effect of two endothelial protective factors, lipid lowering by diet withdrawal and L-arginine supplementation, on VEGF production.     Keywords: Endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), L-arginine, diet withdrawal. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10107_c4b8bb990423f770dd7f26ff79168416.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 DO L-ARGININE AND L-NAME ALTER CORONARY VASCULAR AND AORTIC ENDOTHELIAL PERMEABILITY IN NORMAL- AND HIGH-CHOLESTEROL-FED RATS? 10109 EN Majid Khazaei MD, PhD, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Elham Haghparast MSc. Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mohammad Afshar PhD. Department of Anatomy, Birjand university of medical sciences, Birjand, Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04 Abstract    INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) and L-NAME on coronary vascular and aortic endothelial permeability in normocholesterolemic (NC) and hypercholesterolemic (HC) rats.    METHODS: Forty-eight male rats were divided into NC and HC groups and each group was divided into L-Arginine-treated, L-NAME-treated and control subgroups. L-Arg (2.25%) and L-NAME (0.75 mg/ml) were dissolved in drinking water and control groups received tap water. After 8 weeks, endothelial permeability was assessed by using the Evans Blue (EB) dye method.    RESULTS: Aortic endothelial permeability was significantly higher in HC group compared to NC group (15.1±0.7 vs. 7.7±0.8 µgEB/g tissue, respectively; P<0.05). L-Arg and L-NAME treatment decreased aortic endothelial permeability in HC animals (L-Arg: 8.4±0.4 & L-NAME: 10.8±0.6 vs. 15.1±0.7 µgEB/g tissue, respectively; P<0.05). There was no significant difference in endothelial permeability in coronary circulation between HC and NC groups and L-Arg and L-NAME did not alter endothelial permeability.    CONCLUSION: It seems that L-Arg and L-NAME have different effects on endothelial permeability based on physiological and pathological conditions and type of vessel.         Keywords: L-Arginine, L-NAME, nitric oxide, endothelium, permeability. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10109_f80b8c0b896704df03fb6525733de179.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2007 12 01 AGE-RELATED ALTERATIONS IN LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ACTIVITIES OF ERYTHROCYTE CYTOPROTECTIVE ENZYMES IN WOMEN 10110 EN Farshad Amirkhizi M.Sc., Nutritionist, Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Fereydoun Siassi Ph.D., Professor. Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, TUMS, Tehran, Iran. Sara Minaie M.Sc., Nutritionist, Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, TUMS, Iran. Mahmoud Djalali Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, TUMS, Iran. Abbas Rahimi Ph.D., Assistant professor, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Public Health, TUMS, Iran. Maryam Chamari M.Sc., Nutritionist, Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, TUMS, Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04   Abstract INTRODUCTION: The incidence of atherosclerosis increases with age, as do various indices of free-radical-mediated damage, e.g. lipid peroxidation. Because Antioxidant enzymes are the major defense system of cells in normal aerobic reactions, we aimed to assess the age-related alterations in the activity of erythrocyte cytoprotective enzymes among women. methods: One hundred sixty 20-45-year-old women were randomly selected among women receiving the services of rural health centers of Kerman Province, Iran. Data were gathered by using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. We assessed lipid peroxidation by measuring the concentrations of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activities of erythrocyte copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT). results: Those individuals in the highest quartiles of age and number of pregnancies presented the highest levels of plasma MDA (P<0.001). We also observed an inverse relationship between age and erythrocyte CuZn-SOD and GPX activities. Although we found no significant difference between age groups in respect of erythrocyte CAT activity and/or plasma TAC levels, erythrocyte GPX activity was negatively correlated with the number of pregnancies (P<0.001) . No significant difference was found between age groups and/or between quartiles of number of pregnancies for either energy or nutrient intake. Plasma MDA levels were positively related to age (r=0.307; P<0.0001), number of pregnancies (r=0.250; P<0.001), fat intake (r=0.281; P<0.05) and Vitamin E intake (r=0.356; P<0.01). Furthermore, there were negative correlations both between age and GPX activity (r= -0.280; P<0.0001) as well as with CuZn-SOD(r= -0.228; P<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants were affected by age. Erythrocyte cytoprotective enzymes have an important role in detoxification of free radicals in the body; the age-related decrease in the activities of these enzymes might contribute to atherogenesis, along with classic risk factors.      Keywords: Age, lipid peroxidation, cytoprotective enzymes, oxidative stress, women. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10110_47a85128570a3482beea9592a3cc7ffb.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 EFFECTS OF EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID AND VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM LIPID PROFILE, BLOOD PRESSURE, ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN MALE ATHLETES 10111 EN Reza Ghiasvand M.Sc., Dept. of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran. Seyed Abolghassem Djazayery Ph.D. Professor Institute of Public Health Research, TUMS, 14155-6446 Poursina Street, Qods Street, Tehran, Iran. Mahmoud Djalali Ph.D., D.Sc. Dept. of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, TUMS, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Ali Keshavarz Ph.D., Dept. of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, TUMS, Tehran, Iran. Mostafa Hosseini Ph.D., Dept. of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, TUMS, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04   Abstract INTRODUCTION: The relationship between ω -3 fatty acids and surrogate circulating markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, especially in healthy individuals remains to be determined. We investigated the effects of Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation, with or without vitamin E, on serum lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood pressure (BP) and total antioxidant capacity in a sample of male athletes. methods: This randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2006 on 34 apparently healthy, well-trained male basketball players, aged 17-35 years, . Venous blood samples were obtained between 5:00 and 6:00 p.m., after exercising for 2 hours, at the baseline and after intervention. Participants received 2 g EPA and/or 400 IU vitamin E and/or placebo depending on their groups. For 6 weeks, eight subjects received an EPA supplement with vitamin E (group 1), nine subjects received an EPA supplement with vitamin E placebo (group 2), nine subjects received an EPA supplement placebo and vitamin E (group 3), and eight subjects received an EPA supplement placebo and vitamin E placebo (group 4). results: Significant decreases were documented in the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides ( TG), LDL-C and CRP in group1 (p<0.01), in TC, TG, LDL-C, CRP, and BP in group 2 (p<0.01), and significant increase in total antioxidant capacity in group 3 (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in LDL between groups 1 and 4 (P<0.05), and in total antioxidant capacity between groups 2 and 3 (p<0.001) and groups 3 and 4 (p<0.001), and in CRP level between groups 2 and 3 (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in TC, TG, HDL-C and BP between the groups after 6 weeks of intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Six weeks of EPA+ vitamin E supplementation improved the lipid profile and reduced the CRP level, whereas six weeks of EPA supplementation without vitamin E improved the lipid profile, but increased CRP and BP. Six weeks of vitamin E supplementation alone increased total plasma antioxidant capacity.     Keywords: Eicosapentaenoic acid, vitamin E, lipid, antioxidant, inflammation, healthy men, exercise. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10111_70bb83c9272e6c4bc6e83e0a55c7c9c3.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 EFFECT OF AMLODIPINE ON BLOOD AND RENAL TISSUE CONCENTRATIONS OF ENDOTHELIN IN MALE RABBITS RECEIVING AN ATHEROGENIC DIET 10112 EN Mustafa Mohammadi Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Fariba Mirzaei M.Sc., Department of Physiology, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04   Abstract INTRODUCTION: Recent studies indicate that endothelin-1 (ET-1) and abnormality in the transfer of calcium ions have a role in the atherosclerosis process. Amlodipine can influence the risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, but the possible protective mechanisms of ET-1 are not known. We evaluated the effects of amlodipine and/or high-cholesterol diet on blood and renal tissue concentration of endothelin, as well as the role of ET-1 in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in male New Zealand white rabbits. methods: Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups: The normal control group, normal group receiving amlodipine, high-cholesterol diet group and high-cholesterol diet plus amlodipine group. After 8 weeks, all animals were anesthetized and blood or tissues samples were colleted. results: Amlodipine led to significant increase in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and decrease in serum triglyceride (TG) in the control group. The plasma level of ET-1 in the atherosclerotic model group increased significantly compared with the control group (p<0.01). After 8 weeks of treatment with amlodipine, ET-1 levels decreased significantly in the control group (p<0.01) and high-cholesterol diet rabbits (p<0.01). Amlodipine administration significantly reduced the tissue levels of endothelin only in high-cholesterol diet rabbits (p<0.01). Eight weeks of high-cholesterol diet (2%) did not induce any atherosclerotic lesion in this artery, and amlodipine had no significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: The increase of lipids and ET-1 in the renal artery and plasma with a high-cholesterol diet is not linked to the early stages of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Amlodipine can reduce levels of ET-1 and lipids, but the mechanisms remain to be determined.     Keywords: Renal artery, atherosclerosis, amlodipine, endothelin-1, experimental study. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10112_712a67567ec10c52c2b966224cf94d1e.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 THE EFFECTS OF BODY MASS INDEX CATEGORY ON EARLY OUTCOMES OF CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT 10113 EN Parvin Dehbozorgi M.Sc. Department of health education, Fatemeh Nursing and Midwifery College of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Shiraz, Iran. Fariba Ghodsbin M.Sc. Fatemeh Nursing and Midwifery College of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Mohammad Janati MD. Department of Surgery, Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Kamran Aghasadeghi MD. Department of Medicine, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Journal Article 2010 12 04   Abstract INTRODUCTION: Deviation from normal body size, particularly extreme obesity is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Obesity is often perceived to be a risk factor for adverse outcomes following coronary artery surgery bypass graft. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of body mass index on the early outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). methods: In a retrospective study, 772 patients undergoing CABG between 2005 and 2006 were evaluated in shiraz university affiliated medical centers. The patients’ body mass index (BMI) was measured and classified as underweight, normal-weight, obese and severely obese. The clinical data were evaluated with respect to early postoperative outcomes and mortality. The main early outcomes were postoperative myocardial infarction, sternal wound infection, respiratory and renal problems, atrial arrhythmia, bleeding, longer duration of mechanical ventilation, prolonged hospital stay, and increased operative mortality. The data were gathered using a demographic information form and a checklist to determine the number of main early outcomes. The forms were completed with data from the patients and their records. The effect of BMI on the early outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) was assessed using odds ratio and the logistic regression model. results: The results showed that of 772 patients, 13.6%, 2.6%, 75.4%, and 8.4% were obese, severely obese, normal-weight, and underweight, respectively.. Obesity and severe obesity increased the risk of sternal wound infection (odds ratio=9.761, P<0.001 and odds ratio=34.441, P<0.001, respectively). Obesity increased the risk of atrial arrhythmia (odds ratio=5.173, P<0.001). Obesity and severe obesity were significantly associated with respiratory problems and postoperative stay longer than 14 days. Severe obesity increased the risk of operative mortality (odds ratio=15.390, P<0.001). There was no difference between obese and severely obese patients in respect of the incidence of myocardial infarction, renal failure, and bleeding following operation. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity and severe obesity are associated with increased early complications and operative mortality after CABG, and the degree of obesity plays a key role in adverse outcomes of this procedure.. Hence, weight loss can contribute to reduction of postoperative CABG complications and mortality.     Keywords: Body mass index, coronary artery bypass graft, obesity, morbidity, mortality. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10113_e52ff15f1c6cff78c4e54fd19026256d.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 DEMOGRAPHIC AND MEDICAL PREDICTORS OF THE ONSET OF POST-MI DEPRESSION 10114 EN Reza Bagherian Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Scienses (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran. Hamid Saneei M.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, IUMS, Isfahan, Iran. Hadi Bahrami Ehsan Ph.D., Department of Psychology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2010 12 04   Abstract INTRODUCTION: Depression is common amongst post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients and it has been associated with adverse clinical events in these patients. Post-MI depression has also been shown to be an independent risk factor for mortality. However, many questions about risk factors of post-MI depression remain unanswered. The purpose of this study was to identify the medical and demographic predictors of post-MI depression, in so far these are routinely available during MI hospitalization. methods: 176 consecutive patients admitted to the CCU wards following MI were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline measures were conducted during hospitalization using a standardized history that included questions about demographic characteristics and medical information, and all patients were underwent a physical examination. Severity of MI index was assessed by a cardiologist using the Killip Class. Also CPK levels were measured on admission and over the 2 subsequent days as additional measures of the severity of MI. The diagnosis of depression (including major and minor depression) at three months after MI was assessed using a standardized, semistructured research interview by a psychiatrist and a clinical psychologist. This interview provided DSM-IV diagnoses based on the patients’ psychiatric symptoms. results: The findings showed that 46/6% suffered from post-MI depression three months following MI. In multivariable analysis, beta-blocker (OR 2.987; CI 1.254-7.116), history of depressive disorders (OR 2.838; CI 1.271-6.340), log max CPK (creatinine phosphokinase value) (OR 2.410; CI 1.075-5.404), and age <60 (OR 2.652; CI 1.061-6.626) were factors significantly associated with post-MI depression. This predictive model also yielded 74.4% maximum predictive efficiency with 67.1% sensitivity and 80.9% specificity rates respectively, for differentiating those with and those without high risk for developing post-MI depression. CONCLUSIONS: Beta-blocker, history of depressive disorders, log max CPK (creatinine phosphokinase value), and age comprise demographic and medical predictors for post-MI depressive symptoms. Thus, considering the above model, clinicians may able to identify MI patients with a high risk for subsequent development of depression so that these patients may be targeted for screening and potentially for psychosocial intervention. The association found between depression and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) value begs the questions why two seemingly unrelated conditions should be related, and what mediators or common biological pathways could link the two phenomena.      Keywords: Depression, myocardial infarction, demographic and medical predictors. https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10114_0678c572b0d5597d2d4a6b5bd135754c.pdf

Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 3 2 2010 12 08 ANOMALOUS ORIGIN OF RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY FROM LEFT ANTERIOR DESCENDING ARTERY: SINGLE CORONARY ARTERY 10108 EN Ahmadnoor Abdi M.D. Cardiology Department, Noor Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). Isfahan, Iran. Leila Salehizade M.D. Cardiology Department, Noor Hospital, IUMS. Isfahan, Iran. Rezvan Ansari B.Sc. Hypertension Research Unit, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Isfahan, Iran. Journal Article 2010 12 04 a https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10108_cc298d5bc587e1b650f80e10449ee9d5.pdf