@article { author = {Ebrahimi, Mahmoud and Fazlinezhad, Afsoon and Alvandi-Azari, Masoomeh and Abdar Esfahani, Morteza}, title = {Long-term clinical outcomes of the left ventricular thrombus in patients with ST elevation anterior myocardial infarction}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {1-4}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine the size of left ventricular thrombus (LVT), risk of systemic embolization and response to medical treatment during 18 months of follow up in the patients with anterior-ST elevation myocardial infarction (aSTEMI). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on thirty-five patients with anterior myocardial infarction (MI), in Emam Reza Hospital and Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, from August 2008 to January 2011. Warfarin was prescribed for all the patients. Transthoracic echocardiographic study was performed on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th and 18th months. Outcomes included rate of death, MI, stroke, systemic embolization, major bleeding and change in thrombus size following treatment. RESULTS: The resolve rate of clot on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th and 18th months was 64.7, 86.6, 81.4, 81.4 and 100 percent, respectively. In five patients with complete clot resolution, clot reformation occurred after warfarin discontinuation. In these patients, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improvement was poor. During the study period, five patients died due to severe heart failure. One patient developed hematuria whereas non-experienced thromboembolic events. The mean LVEF at study initiation was 30.8 ± 0.92%, which improved to 42 ± 0.84% (P < 0.05) at the end. CONCLUSION: All LVT was resolved with a combination therapy of antiplatelet and warfarin without any thromboembolic event. In patients with a poor improvement in the LV function, due to the risk of LVT reformation, lifelong warfarin therapy was recommended. }, keywords = {Echocardiography,Left Ventricular Thrombosis,Myocardial Infarction}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10449.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10449_808c28a17b9240c19022ef14857a9391.pdf} } @article { author = {Khaledifar, Arsalan and Mobasheri, Mahmoud and Kheiri, Soleiman and Zamani, Zeinab}, title = {Comparison of N-acetylcysteine and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in blood pressure regulation in hypertensive patients}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {5-13}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent non-infectious disease worldwide and can lead to mortality. This trial aimed to compare the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) on controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional clinical trial was conducted in Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran, in 2009. A sample of 126 patients with HTN was selected and randomly divided into 2 groups (group A and group B). First, group A was treated with ACEI alone and group B with ACEI + NAC for 2 months. Blood pressure of all patients was evaluated each week. After a 2 week period of washout, the drugs were changed. In the second period of the trial, group A was treated with ACEI + NAC and group B with NAC alone and their blood pressure was evaluated in the same manner as the previous period. The data were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: A significant reduction was observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of patients (P < 0.050). However, during both periods of the trial, the group receiving NAC + ACEI experienced a more significant reduction in blood pressure compared with the ACEI group (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION: NAC accompanied with ACEI decreased the patients’ systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly; however, ACEI alone did not have any significant effects on blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure decreased 7 mmHg on average and fluctuated during the trial.   }, keywords = {N-acetylcysteine,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors,Hypertension}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10455.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10455_7e296a23266ebbd9543729b87569a256.pdf} } @article { author = {Yousefzadeh, Gholamreza and Shokoohi, Mostafa and Najafipour, Hamid and Eslami, Mahmood and Salehi, Farank}, title = {Association between opium use and metabolic syndrome among an urban population in Southern Iran: Results of the Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factor Study (KERCADRS)}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {14-20}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Along with the established effects of opium on metabolic parameters, stimulatory or inhibitory effects of opium on metabolic syndrome are also predictable. This study aimed to examine the association of opium use with metabolic syndrome and its components. METHODS: This study was conducted on 5332 out of 5900 original sample participants enrolled in a population-based cohort entitled the Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Study in Iran from 2009 to 2011. The subjects were divided into three groups of “non-opium users” (NOUs = 4340 subjects), “former opium users” (FOUs = 176 subjects), and dependent and occasional people named “current opium users” (COUs = 811 subjects). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to two International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) definition criteria. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of IDF defined-metabolic syndrome among NOUs, FOUs, and COUs was 36.4%, 27.3%, and 39.0%, respectively; which was significantly higher in the COUs group (P = 0.012). However, no significant difference was revealed across the three groups in prevalence of NCEP defined-metabolic syndrome (NOUs = 37.2%, FOUs = 30.1%, and COUs = 39.6%, P = 0.058). The odds for IDF defined-metabolic syndrome was higher in both COUs [odd ratio (OR) = 1.28, P = 0.028)] and FOUs (OR = 1.57, P = 0.045) compared with NOUs as the reference adjusting gender, age, body mass index, and cigarette smoking. However, the appearance of NCEP defined-metabolic syndrome could not be predicted by opium use. CONCLUSION: Opium use can be associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome based on IDF criteria and thus preventing the appearance of metabolic syndrome by avoiding opium use can be a certain approach to preventing cardiovascular disease.   }, keywords = {Metabolic Syndrome,Opium,Substance Abuse,Addictive Behavior}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10450.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10450_2dbd9c745163747178c3d71105f57b3e.pdf} } @article { author = {Rostami, Ali and Khalili, Mohammad and Haghighat, Neda and Eghtesadi, Shahryar and Shidfar, Farzad and Heidari, Iraj and Ebrahimpour-Koujan, Soraiya and Eghtesadi, Maryam}, title = {High-cocoa polyphenol-rich chocolate improves blood pressure in patients with diabetes and hypertension}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {21-29}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The aim was to examine the effects of high-cocoa polyphenol-rich chocolate on lipid profiles, weight, blood pressure, glycemic control, and inflammation in individuals with Type 2 diabetes and hypertension. METHODS: Sixty individuals [32 in dark chocolate group (DCG) and 28 in white chocolate group (WCG)] with Type 2 diabetes on stable medication were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study. Subjects were randomized to consume 25 g DCG or WCG for 8 weeks. Changes in weight, blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid profile, and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured at the beginning and end of the intervention. This clinical trial was registered at the Iranian registry of clinical trials. RESULTS: In DCC group, compared with baseline, serum levels of Apo A-1 (P = 0.045) was increased and fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.027), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (P = 0.025), Apo B (P = 0.012) and Log of hsCRP (P = 0.043) levels were decreased at the end of study. No changes were seen within the WCG in studied parameters. High polyphenol chocolate consumption compared to white chocolate resulted in significant decrease in of systolic (−5.93 ± 6.25 vs. −1.07 ± 7.97 mmHg, P = 0.004) and diastolic blood pressure (−6.4 ± 6.25 vs. 0.17 ± 7.9 mmHg, P = 0.002), FBS (−7.84 ± 19.15 vs. 4.00 ± 20.58 mg/dl, P = 0.019) over the course of 8 weeks of daily chocolate consumption neither weight nor body mass index and TG levels altered from baseline. CONCLUSION: High polyphenol chocolate is effective in improving TG levels in hypertensive patients with diabetes and decreasing blood pressure and FBS without affecting weight, inflammatory markers, insulin resistance or glycemic control.   }, keywords = {Chocolate,Polyphenols,Type 2 Diabetes,Cardiovascular Risk,Lipid Profile,High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Apolipoprotein}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10451.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10451_f7d6f1d540fc97d153e5682e81f67408.pdf} } @article { author = {Shemirani, Hasan and Nayeri-Torshizi, Elham}, title = {Electrocardiographic characteristics of posterior myocardial infarction in comparison to angiographic findings}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {30-35}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiac cell death following the imbalance of supply and demand. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a diagnostic test for MI and can help the clinicians to estimate the severity and size of infarction, to suggest the artery related to the infarct and localize the pathology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of ECG in posterior MI (PMI) compared with angiographic findings. METHODS: In a prospective observational study, using simple sampling patients with diagnosis of PMI (ST elevation in at least two consecutive leads V7, V8, and V9) were enrolled and all standard 12 leads and also V7, V8, V9 and right leads, including V3R and V4R were recorded and angiography was performed. ECG changes were recorded and compared with angiography findings. RESULTS: In this study, totally 138 patients were enrolled (mean ± standard deviation age of 65.00 ± 12.97 and 76.8% male). Left circumflex artery (LCX), right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusions occurred in 65.9, 50.7, and 29 percent respectively. Patients with LCX occlusion had a significantly higher frequency of ST elevation in V5, V6, I and AVL (P ≤ 0.001). Patients with RCA occlusion had a significantly higher frequency of ST elevation in V1, V3R, and V4R and also ST depression in V5 and V6 (P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION: In PMI, there is a relationship between ECG findings and different coronary artery occlusions. Hence that ECG is a useful tool to predict the LCX or RCA occlusion in PMI. }, keywords = {Angiography,Coronary Artery,Electrocardiography,Posterior Myocardial Infarction}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10452.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10452_16799a7dc6f875dd3d1c1a794e6d4dd0.pdf} } @article { author = {Pourmoghaddas, Ali and Dormiani-Tabatabaei, Mehrnaz and Sadeghi, Masoumeh and Kermani-Alghoraishi, Mohammad and Golshahi, Jafar and Shokouh, Pedram}, title = {The effect of pioglitazone on circulating interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in a patient with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind controlled trial}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {36-42}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone as an insulin sensitizer on circulating interleukin-10 (IL-10) as an anti-inflammatory factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as main proinflammatory factor in non-diabetic metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients in Caucasians race of Middle East area in Iran. METHODS: We conducted a randomized double-blind controlled study of 68 non-diabetic patients with MetS. Patients were randomly divided into two groups including intervention group received pioglitazone 30 mg daily for 24 weeks, and the control group received placebo pills for the same duration. Circulating levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were assessed as a primary goal. Lipid profile, liver enzymes, blood pressure (BP), waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) also were measured. RESULTS: Lipid profile and fasting blood sugar had non-significant changes after treatment by pioglitazone, but BMI was increased significantly (P = 0.002). BP and waist circumference had a significant decrease in both groups (P < 0.050). Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were decreased significantly in the pioglitazone group (P = 0.002). TNF-α decreased non-significantly in both groups (P > 0.050). IL-10 increased in intervention group non-significantly (P = 0.971); whereas in placebo group decreased to a little extent (P = 0.401). C-reactive protein was also decreased insignificant after receive pioglitazone (P = 0.333). There was no significant difference in all variables between the two groups (P > 0.050) except liver enzymes (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the pioglitazone has no positive effect on improving inflammatory status in the non-diabetes patients with MetS.   }, keywords = {Pioglitazone,Interleukin-10,Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10453.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10453_045f0876611c3e3ba7bc3bfb35eeef28.pdf} } @article { author = {Arabmomeni, Morteza and Najafian, Jamshid and Abdar Esfahani, Morteza and Samadi, Mohsen and Mirbagher, Leila}, title = {Comparison between theophylline, N-acetylcysteine, and theophylline plus N-acetylcysteine for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {43-49}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Few studies compared the efficacy of theophylline with N-acetylcysteine or evaluated the efficacy of combination therapy in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). We compared the efficacy of theophylline, N-acetylcysteine, and the combination of these agents in the prevention of CIN. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 96 patients referring consecutively to the Shahid Chamran University Hospital in Isfahan, Iran, for elective coronary angiography (with our without angioplasty). Patients with at least moderate risk for CIN were included and were randomized to receive theophylline (200 mg), N-acetylcysteine (600 mg), or theophylline + N-acetylcysteine, twice a day, from 24 h before to 48 h after administration of the contrast material. A non-ionic, low-osmolar contrast material was used. Serum creatinine was measured before and 48 h after contrast material injection. RESULTS: Serum creatinine was increased by 6.83 ± 15.32% with theophylline, 13.09 ± 14.63% with N-acetylcysteine, and 5.45 ±1 3.96% with theophylline + N-acetylcysteine after contrast material injection (between group P = 0.072). Controlling for Mehran risk score, baseline serum creatinine, and contrast volume, the change in serum creatinine level was lower with theophylline compared with N-acetylcysteine (F = 4.79, P = 0.033), and with theophylline + N-acetylcysteine compared with N-acetylcysteine (F = 5.78, P = 0.020). CIN (increase in creatinine of ≥ 0.5 mg/dl or ≥ 25% from the baseline) was occurred in 20%, 21.9%, and 7.1% of patients in the theophylline, N-acetylcysteine, and theophylline + N-acetylcysteine groups, respectively (P = 0.260). CONCLUSION: Theophylline is superior to N-acetylcysteine in preventing contrast-induced renal dysfunction, but the combination with N-acetylcysteine is not superior to theophylline alone in this regard. Further trials with larger sample of patients are warranted.   }, keywords = {Acute Kidney Injury,Theophylline,Acetylcysteine,Coronary Angiography,Contrast Media}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10454.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10454_73be07414c23b8a04b86bfb590f82f26.pdf} } @article { author = {Alizadeh-Ghavidel, Alireza and Basiri, Hosseinali and Totonchi, Ziae and Mirmesdagh, Yalda and Jalili-Shahandashti, Farshad and Gholizadeh, Behnam}, title = {A rare presentation of late right coronary artery spasm following aortic valve replacement}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {50-53}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is defined as a reversible, sudden epicardial coronary artery stenosis that causes vessel occlusion or near occlusion. CASE REPORT: In this article, we present a clinical case of CAS in a 48-year-old woman undergoing elective aortic valve replacement surgery for aortic stenosis. On the 3rd post-operative day, the patient suffered from chest pain and dyspnea. Emergent coronary angiography demonstrated a significant spasm of the ostium portion of the right coronary artery. CONCLUSION: This case shows that delayed coronary spasm should be considered as a cause of hemodynamic instability after valvular surgery.   }, keywords = {Aortic Valve Replacement,Coronary Artery Vasospasm,Coronary Artery Disease,Postoperative Complication}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10456.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10456_15cd3ec11974c3d3f52bfae05e1d00fa.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashemi, Sayed Mohammad and Mokhtari, Sayed Meisam and Sadeghi, Masoumeh and Foroozan, Rezvan and Safari, Mahboobeh}, title = {Effect of vitamin D therapy on endothelial function in ischemic heart disease female patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency: A primary report}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {54-59}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction. We evaluated endothelial function in ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency before and after vitamin D therapy. METHODS: An uncontrolled before-after study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran on consecutive sample of female IHD patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention in the preceding 6 months and/or referred with chronic stable angina. Forty patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency (serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D < 20 or 20-30 ng/ml, respectively) were included and received two intramuscular injections of 300,000 IU cholecalciferol with 1 month interval. Endothelial function, assessed by measuring flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level were measured at baseline and 1 month after the second dose of cholecalciferol. RESULTS: A total of 30 patients completed the study, age = 59.4 ± 8.7 years; serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D = 19.0 ± 6.5 ng/ml. After treatment, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D was reached to > 30 ng/ml in all patients. Brachial artery diameter (mm) after ischemia increased significantly, statistically but not clinically (4.55 ± 0.37 to 4.67 ± 0.38, P < 0.001). Furthermore, FMD (%) was increased from 1.96 ± 1.65 to 4.65 ± 1.27 (P < 0.001). The amount of change in FMD was not significantly correlated with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (r = 0.038, P = 0.858). CONCLUSION: Endothelial function was improved after vitamin D therapy in IHD patients with low serum vitamin D. Controlled studies with larger sample size are required to confirm if vitamin D therapy has effects on endothelial function.   }, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases,Coronary Artery Disease,Endothelium,Vitamin D Deficiency}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10457.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10457_7b1010e8aad6465ab46fc71d28885e1a.pdf} } @article { author = {Journal, Index}, title = {Journal Index}, journal = {ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {-}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Cardiovascular research institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1735-3955}, eissn = {2251-6638}, doi = {}, abstract = {Click to download the index of this issue.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10448.html}, eprint = {https://arya.mui.ac.ir/article_10448_be399ed2a6be443c1942a218f2bab19b.pdf} }